Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology is biotechnology application which is very important in healthcare because it allows for the mass production of safe and more effective medicines. It also prevents undesirable immune responses which are common with medical products from non-human sources.

Currently, about 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use worldwide, and 12 of these are presently being marketed in India. Let’s take a look at some of the applications.

1) Genetically Engineered Insulin

Earlier, diabetes was treated using insulin from the pancreas of slaughtered pigs and cattle. Do you think this insulin causes any side-effects in humans? Yes! Insulin from animal sources induces allergies and other unwanted immune reactions in humans. This is why there was a need to isolate human insulin. Is there a way to do this? What if we can use bacteria to produce human insulin? Not only can we grow bacteria in large amounts, but we can also mass-produce human insulin!

Insulin consists of two short, polypeptide chains-chain A and B, linked via disulfide bridges. Insulin is produced as a ‘prohormone’ in mammals (including humans). This prohormone has an extra peptide, the C peptide, which needs to be removed to give rise to mature insulin.

2) Gene Therapy

If a child is born with a genetic defect, is there a way to correct that defect? Yes, there is, with gene therapy! Gene therapy is a biotechnology application involving a collection of methods that can correct a gene defect in a child or an embryo. It involves inserting a normal gene into the person’s cells or tissues to compensate for the non-functional gene. Let’s understand how this works.

3) Molecular Diagnosis

We all know that early diagnosis of a disease is important to effectively treat the disease. Early detection is not possible using conventional methods like serum and urine analysis. Let’s look at some biotechnology applications that help in early diagnosis of diseases.

So do share such related articles in Journal of Biochemistry & Biotechnology which is an open-access journal dedicating the research in the area of biochemistry & biotechnology. We have been publishing the articles which are having updated information on biological science.

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Regards,
Nicola B
Editorial Team
Journal of  Biochemistry and Biotechnology