Assessment of Uterine Abnormalities by Sonography

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Assessment of Uterine Abnormalities by Sonography

A uterine malformation is a type of female genital malformation resulting from an abnormal development of the Müllerian duct(s) during embryogenesis. Symptoms range from amenorrhea, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and pain, to normal functioning depending on the nature of the defect. Study was conducted for about the 12 month. In this duration the subjects between the age group of 18-48 years females were studied. The patients with pregnancy and having previous history of Hysterectomy was not considered for the study. Sampling technique adapted for the study as Complete Enumeration Method, Ultrasonography images are collected from radiology department, these images evaluated and subjected to statistical data analysis and results were analysed. From the data in the 10 females congenital abnormalities were observed. In 5 females Arcuate uteri was seen. Bicornuate was seen in 3 Female and Agenesis is observed in 2 Females. When examining the various types of a uterine anomaly, the most common finding was bicornuate uterus; the second most common was septate uterus. In current study most common uterine abnormality is arcuate uterus.

The reproductive function of the uterus is to accept a fertilized ovum which passes through the utero-tubal junction from the fallopian tube (uterine tube). It implants into the endometrium, and derives nourishment from blood vessels which develop exclusively for this purpose. The fertilized ovum becomes an embryo, attaches to a wall of the uterus, creates a placenta, and develops into a fetus (gestates) until childbirth. Due to anatomical barriers such as the pelvis, the uterus is pushed partially into the abdomen due to its expansion during pregnancy.

Uterine anomalies in women undergoing hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding, showed that a mullerian anomaly could be detected in about 10% of women undergoing hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding, and confirmed that hysteroscopy is a valuable technique in assessing uteri ne cavity and showed that the prevalence of septa te / bicornuate and arcuate uteri in women with abnormal uterine bleeding ranged between 3% to 7% and no history of reproductive problems . When examining the various types of a uterine anomaly, the most common finding was bicornuate uterus; the second most common was septate uterus . In current study most common uterine abnormality is arcuate uterus. Mulleri ananomalies are often treatable. Patients with MDAs are known to have a higher incidence of infertility, repeated first trimester, spontaneous abortions, IUGR, fetal malposition, preterm labor and retained placenta. Congenital uterine malformations are more common than generally recognized. Knowledge concerning their prevalence and varieties is important in recognizing and managing the obstetric and gynaecologic complications.

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